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| Home > Statutes > USA Washington |
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USA Statutes : washington
Title : Uniform commercial code
Chapter : Bank deposits and collections
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RCW 62A.4-106Payable through or payable at bank; collecting bank.(a) If an item states that it is "payable through" a bank identified in the item, (i) the item designates the bank as a collecting bank and does not by itself authorize the bank to pay the item, and (ii) the item may be presented for payment only by or through the bank. (b) If an item states that it is "payable at" a bank identified in the item, (i) the item designates the bank as a collecting bank and does not by itself authorize the bank to pay the item, and (ii) the item may be presented for payment only by or through the bank. (c) If a draft names a nonbank drawee and it is unclear whether a bank named in the draft is a codrawee or a collecting bank, the bank is a collecting bank.[1993 c 229 § 82; 1965 ex.s. c 157 § 4-106. Cf. former RCW sections: (i) RCW 30.52.010; 1955 c 33 § 30.52.010; prior: 1929 c 203 § 1; RRS § 3292-1. (ii) RCW 30.40.030 through 30.40.050; 1955 c 33 §§ 30.40.030 through 30.40.050; prior: 1939 c 59 §§ 1 through 3; RRS §§ 3252-6 through 3252-8.]Notes:Recovery of attorneys' fees -- Effective date -- 1993 c 229: See RCW 62A.11-111 and 62A.11-112. RCW 62A.4-403Customer's right to stop payment; burden of proof of loss.(a) A customer or any other person authorized to draw on the account if there is more than one person may stop payment of any item drawn on the customer's account or close the account by an order to the bank describing the item or account with reasonable certainty received at a time and in a manner that affords the bank a reasonable opportunity to act on it before any action by the bank with respect to the item described in RCW 62A.4-303. If the signature of more than one person is required to draw on an account, any of these persons may stop payment or close the account. (b) A stop-payment order is effective for six months, but it lapses after fourteen calendar days if the original order was oral and was not confirmed in writing within that period. A stop-payment order may be renewed for additional six-month periods by a writing given to the bank within a period during which the stop-payment order is effective. (c) The burden of establishing the fact and amount of loss resulting from the payment of an item contrary to a binding stop-payment order or order to close the account is on the customer. The loss from payment of an item contrary to a stop-payment order may include damages for dishonor of subsequent items under RCW 62A.4-402.[1993 c 229 § 109; 1965 ex.s c 157 § 4-403. Cf. former RCW sections: (i) RCW 30.16.030; 1959 c 106 § 4; 1955 c 33 § 30.16.030; prior: 1923 c 114 §§ 1, part, and 2; RRS §§ 3252-1, part, and 3252-2. (ii) RCW 30.16.040; 1955 c 33 § 30.16.040; prior: 1923 c 114 §§ 1, part, and 3; RRS §§ 3252-1, part, and 3252-3.]Notes:Recovery of attorneys' fees -- Effective date -- 1993 c 229: See RCW 62A.11-111 and 62A.11-112. RCW 62A.4-404Bank not obligated to pay check more than six months old.A bank is under no obligation to a customer having a checking account to pay a check, other than a certified check, which is presented more than six months after its date, but it may charge its customer's account for a payment made thereafter in good faith.[1965 ex.s. c 157 § 4-404. Cf. former RCW 30.16.050; 1955 c 33 § 30.16.050; prior: 1923 c 114 §§ 1, part, and 5; RRS §§ 3252-1, part, and 3252-5.] RCW 62A.4-406Customer's duty to discover and report unauthorized signature or alteration.(a) A bank that sends or makes available to a customer a statement of account showing payment of items for the account shall either return or make available to the customer the items paid, copies of the items paid, or provide information in the statement of account sufficient to allow the customer reasonably to identify the items paid. The statement of account provides sufficient information if the item is described by item number, amount, and date of payment. If the bank does not return the items paid or copies of the items paid, it shall provide in the statement of account the telephone number that the customer may call to request an item or copy of an item pursuant to subsection (b) of this section. (b) If the items are not returned to the customer, the person retaining the items shall either retain the items or, if the items are destroyed, maintain the capacity to furnish legible copies of the items until the expiration of seven years after receipt of the items. A customer may request an item from the bank that paid the item, and that bank must provide in a reasonable time either the item or, if the item has been destroyed or is not otherwise obtainable, a legible copy of the item. A bank shall provide, upon request and without charge to the customer, at least two items or copies of items with respect to each statement of account sent to the customer. A bank may charge fees for additional items or copies of items in accordance with RCW 30.22.230. Requests for ten items or less shall be processed and completed within ten business days. (c) If a bank sends or makes available a statement of account or items pursuant to subsection (a), the customer must exercise reasonable promptness in examining the statement or the items to determine whether any payment was not authorized because of an alteration of an item or because a purported signature by or on behalf of the customer was not authorized. If, based on the statement or items provided, the customer should reasonably have discovered the unauthorized payment, the customer must promptly notify the bank of the relevant facts. (d) If the bank proves that the customer, failed with respect to an item, to comply with the duties imposed on the customer by subsection (c) the customer is precluded from asserting against the bank: (1) The customer's unauthorized signature or any alteration on the item, if the bank also proves that it suffered a loss by reason of the failure; and (2) The customer's unauthorized signature or alteration by the same wrong-doer on any other item paid in good faith by the bank if the payment was made before the bank received notice from the customer of the unauthorized signature or alteration and after the customer had been afforded a reasonable period of time, not exceeding thirty days, in which to examine the item or statement of account and notify the bank. (e) If subsection (d) applies and the customer proves that the bank failed to exercise ordinary care in paying the item and that the failure substantially contributed to loss, the loss is allocated between the customer precluded and the bank asserting the preclusion according to the extent to which the failure of the customer to comply with subsection (c) and the failure of the bank to exercise ordinary care contributed to the loss. If the customer proves that the bank did not pay the item in good faith, the preclusion under subsection (d) does not apply. (f) Without regard to care or lack of care of either the customer or the bank, a natural person whose account is primarily for personal, family, or household purposes who does not within one year, and any other customer who does not within sixty days, from the time the statement and items are made available to the customer (subsection (a)) discover and report the customer's unauthorized signature or any alteration on the face or back of the item or does not within one year from that time discover and report any unauthorized indorsement is precluded from asserting against the bank such unauthorized signature or indorsement or such alteration. If there is a preclusion under this subsection, the payor bank may not recover for breach of warranty under RCW 62A.4-208 with respect to the unauthorized signature or alteration to which the preclusion applies.[1997 c 53 § 1; 1995 c 107 § 1; 1993 c 229 § 111; 1991 sp.s. c 19 § 1; 1967 c 114 § 1; 1965 ex.s. c 157 § 4-406. Cf. former RCW 30.16.020; 1955 c 33 § 30.16.020; prior: 1917 c 80 § 45; RRS § 3252.]Notes:Effective date -- 1995 c 107: "This act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health, or safety, or support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and shall take effect July 1, 1995." [1995 c 107 § 2.]Recovery of attorneys' fees -- Effective date -- 1993 c 229: See RCW 62A.11-111 and 62A.11-112.Emergency -- Effective date -- 1967 c 114: "This 1967 amendatory act is necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health and safety, the support of the state government and its existing public institutions, and sections 1 through 11 and 13 through 16 shall take effect on June 30, 1967, and section 12 shall take effect immediately." [1967 c 114 § 17.]
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